Illegal Music Downloading Essays

Illegal Music Downloading Essays Illegal Music Downloading Essay Illegal Music Downloading Essay Anastasia 1 Professor Edgar Dana ENC1101 4 September 2012 Effects of Illegal Downloading on the Music Industry Are you willing to face a money-draining lawsuit by the simple click of a mouse? One of the biggest issues today regarding the relation between record companies and all of their eager listeners is illegally downloading music from the Internet. Most people look past the many reasons one shouldn’t download their favorite tracks for free only because now days it’s made easy. However, they should be aware of the consequences that could come from something so simple. We should understand that taking the music for free, we are committing a crime and harming the music industry and limiting the future artists and their creativity. No matter what, when it comes down to it, downloading music without paying is stealing Stealing artists’ hard work is not only unethical but also immoral. We are not only stealing profit from artists but also the record companies that have hundreds of people making a living from these albums. Just like you and me, these employees deserve payments for their hard work and long hours. The artists spend the majority of their time writing and perfecting their songs just for consumers to steal it in a matter of 15 seconds easy. According to the RIAA (Record Industry Association of America) website, in the decade since peer-to-peer (p2p) file-sharing site Napster emerged in 1999; music sales in the U. S. have dropped 47 percent, from $14. 6 billion to $7. 7 billion. From 2004 through 2009 alone, approximately 30billion songs were illegally downloaded on file-sharing networks. Stats show, global music piracy causes $12. 5 billion of economic losses every year, 71,060 U. S. jobs lost, a loss of $2. 7 billion in workers earnings, and a loss of $422 million in tax revenues, $291 million in personal income tax and $131 million in lost corporate income and production taxes. Can you imagine this coming from your own pocket? According to the RIAA, copyright law protects the value of creative work. When you make unauthorized copies of someone’s creative work, you are taking something of value from the owner without his or her permission. Most likely, you’ve seen the FBI warning about unauthorized copying at the beginning of a movie DVD. Though you may not find these messages on all compact discs or music you’ve downloaded from the Internet, the same laws apply. Federal law provides severe civil and criminal penalties for the unauthorized reproduction, distribution, rental or digital transmission of copyrighted sound recordings. (Title 17, United States Code, Sections 501 and 506). There have been many cases where people were guilty of music piracy and left with a felony record, accompanied by up to five years of jail time and fines up to $250,000. Wouldn’t you much rather pay 10$ for an album? One of the most important factors to consider is the artists’ creativity and all the upcoming artists motivation. If artists start loosing chunks of their profit, pretty soon no one will even bother putting in the time, effort, and skill into their music. This means we will not enjoy new music and eventually the industry will die. Music is a very important factor to every day life. Without music the world would lack entertainment, culture and expression, resulting in a very boring environment. In conclusion there are many consequences that could come from something so simple like illegal music downloading. We should understand that taking the music for free, we are committing a crime and harming the music industry and limiting the future artists and their creativity. No matter how easy, when it comes down to it, illegal music downloading is wrong and affects everyone in different ways.

Use of ~ Kana at the End of Sentence

Use of ~ Kana at the End of Sentence For new students learning Japanese, youll eventually come across sentences ending with kana. Sometimes from the context, its difficult to tell what kana means. How does it translate into a sentence? Heres the basic breakdown of this unusual Japanese sentence structure (unusual to English speakers, at least): When you see Kana at the end of a sentence, it is essentially inferring the English equivalent of I wonder. Its a relatively casual expression, and used quite often in conversation. Instead of just asking the question, its a way of couching it a bit, to encourage the listener to wonder as well.   Here are some examples: Ashita yuki ga furu kana.明æâ€" ¥Ã©â€º ªÃ£ Å'é™ Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder if it will snow tomorrow. Ano hito wa supein-jin kana.㠁‚㠁 ®Ã¤ º ºÃ£  ¯Ã£â€š ¹Ã£Æ'šã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ³Ã¤ º ºÃ£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder if he/she is Spanish. ~ kashira 㠁‹ã â€"ら can be replaced with ~ kana, though it is used only by females. Kore ikura kashira.㠁“ã‚Å'㠁„㠁 Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder how much it is. Dou shita no kashira.㠁 ©Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã  ®Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€"ら。 I wonder what happened. Here are some more phrases with ~ kana. Nani o kite ikou kana.ä ½â€¢Ã£â€šâ€™Ã§ â‚¬Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€œÃ£ â€ Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š What shall I wear? Mattete kureru kana.Ã¥ ¾â€¦Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£  ¦Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ'る㠁‹ã  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder if he/she will wait for me. Machiawase-basho machigaeta kana.Ã¥ ¾â€¦Ã£  ¡Ã¥ Ë†Ã£â€š Ã£ â€ºÃ¥   ´Ã¦â€°â‚¬Ã©â€"“é â€¢Ã£ Ë†Ã£ Å¸Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder if I am waitingin the wrong place. Okane, ato ikura nokotteru kana.㠁Šé‡‘〠Ã¥ ¾Å'㠁„㠁 Ã£â€šâ€°Ã¦ ®â€¹Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder how much money I have left. .æ  ¥Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€žÃ£ â€œÃ£  ¨Ã£ â€šÃ£â€šâ€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ªÃ£â‚¬â€š I wonder if next year will bringsomething good. To ask the question and add an element of doubt or uncertainty I wasnt sure whether it would snow you would add  Ã£  ®(no) forming nokana.

IMAX CASE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

IMAX CASE STUDY - Essay Example Large screen formats are a relatively new concept and it offers a wide range of exciting opportunities. There are very few players in this segment and it is primarily dominated by IMAX which is in this business for a long time now. PESTEL analysis is done to understand the current situation. It has been established from PESTEL Analysis that technology is the most crucial factor for large screen formats. US is a tech savvy nation and hence this was the first market which was targeted by this industry. IMAX has developed superior technology in due course of time which provides a competitive advantage to it. With the growing popularity of movies like Avatar and Alice In Wonderland new players are lining up to take advantage of the opportunity. Vertical Integration is a prime charecterstic of this industry and IMAX’s biggest buyers Regal and APC are coming up with their own large screen formats. Next the report tries to identify the internal factors which affect IMAX. IMAX’s strength and weakness is established in this part. It is followed by understanding the opportunities and threats that IMAX has. Political: The Federal Communications Commission has plans to implement a National Broadband Plan ensuring internet for all (Hanchard, 2010).This would mean that pay per views would increase which might affect box office sales. Economical: America has been through the worst financial crisis. However it is on a recovery path with things getting back to normal. The per capita income of US in 2009 was $39,138$ (Bureau of Business & Economic Research, n.d.). US has the highest number of movie audience per capita of population which stands at 5.3 films each year. Out of this if people who didn’t watch atleast a movie in one year, then the figure goes to 8.6 films. Legal: Piracy is a major problem in US. Motion Picture Association of America estimated an annual loss of more than $3 billion because of piracy. The

Young Turks Takeover of the Ottoman Empire 1913 Term Paper

Young Turks Takeover of the Ottoman Empire 1913 - Term Paper Example It is a well-known fact that empires were one of the core elements for the modernization of nations and states. In relation, one of the empires that are considered as essential parts of today’s government is the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire is considered as one of the greatest, long-term, and vast empire in history. The empire depicted stability and strength as it continued to widen its occupation. Moreover, the emergence of the Committee for Union and Progress, or most commonly known by many historians as Young Turks, played a significant role in the last years of the empire. In line with this, this paper will dwell on the takeover of the Young Turks of the Ottoman Empire in 1913. The Ottoman Empire was established during the late thirteenth century and lasted even after the First World War. The territories of the empire were vast, which included most of the eastern Roman Empire, a few parts of the north Balkans, and north coast of the Black Sea. Moreover, the Ottoman T urks were composed of different groups of people who shared the Turkic language. These people were scattered throughout the west area of Central Asia from the ninth to the eleventh century.1 The other states associated with the Ottoman Empire, which include Europe, are tied beyond commercial activities and military crusade. The empire used religion and complimented the laws, tax, and political structure to Islamic ideologies and law. It is safe to say that the empire mostly banked on the central-Asians tradition, along with incorporating Persian and Arab legacies. These different legacies allowed the Ottoman Empire to stand strong for half of a millennium. The convergence of laws and religion in the empire was seen as a resurrection of the Byzantine Empire, though it was perceived as deformed.2 In retrospect, the Ottoman state was considered as one of the small states in Turkey. These states came into being during the fall of the Seljuk Turks. The small Ottoman state then started to create a link with other states, which brought all other dynasties to merge into one during the reign of Muhammad II. Furthermore, most of the parts of the Ottoman Empire were successors of the Byzantine Empire, which became a crucial part for the success of the empire. The Ottomans advantageous hold with the Bosporus and the Dardanelles became their buffer between the Latins in the West and Muslims in the Middle East. Nonetheless, the Byzantine was already weakened by the Fourth Crusade and the Western invasion.3 During the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, the leaders were Osman I, followed by Orkhan, next was Murad I, and Beyazid I. During the expansion, Bursa fell into the hands of the Ottoman Empire along with the Adrianople, which both became a capital of the empire. Furthermore, the triumph over the Nikopol and the Kosovo Field by the empire stirred danger on the part of Europe.4 On the other hand, before the start of the World War I, the Ottoman Empire was already facing con flicts within its governance. One of the most prominent conflicts was the emergence of the Committee for Union and Progress, or group who is best known as the Young Turks. Furthermore, along with the emergence of the Young Turks is the development of nationalism in the countries and states of the empire.5 During the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II in the Ottoman Empire, he was considered as hard ruler. For this reason, the dispute between the Turks and the Armenian ignited. In 1877, Russia fought the Ottoman Empire in order to take hold of the Balkan Peninsula to be able to access the Mediterranean Sea for trade and transport. However, in the course of transaction, the Treaty of San Stefano, which allowed the Russian to gain access to a few parts of the Balkan Pen

Legal, Safety and Regulatory Requirements Essay Example for Free

Legal, Safety and Regulatory Requirements Essay This paper examines the impact of legal, safety and the regulatory requirements of the human resources development in an organization. This aspects look at the rights of the employee and the employer and how they are secured. This human resources process affects the lawful, well-being, and governing guidelines inside a business while the privileges of those employers and workers are protected by the U. S. Department of Labor, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Department of Homeland Security. The employee-related regulations are to guard the privileges of a company and worker. The U. S. Department of Labor gives organization an excellent effective setting and reduces employment ratios by offering development within the organization. The human resources areas have to commit to having current rules and guidelines for salaries and times worked. And human resources management has to guarantee all personnel whether United States residents or non-United States mindful of any material may possibly be related (United States Department of Labor, 2011). According to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 states it is unlawful to differentiate a capable individual with a disability. The law states it is prohibited to react against an individual since the individual complained about injustice, filed an allegation of discrimination, or take part in discrimination complaint. It expects that employers fairly provide the known physical or mental restrictions of an otherwise capable individual with a disability who is an applicant or employee, unless doing so would force an undue difficulty on the process of the employers business. The employees of Department of Homeland Security work diligently to preserve the well-being and safety of the United States. They work with municipalities, people, and countries to support them plan for and pull through from emergencies. They evaluate dozens of virtual security statements, and portions of intelligence, continuing continuous communication with specialists all through the country to defend the United States most important buildings and resources. With the legislation of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, Department Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge made a commitment that the new human resources system would be the result of a cooperative and comprehensive process involving supervisors, employees, labor organizations, and a expansive group of participants and specialists from the Federal division and private organization in order to deliver the greatest procedures possible for the employees of Homeland Security. The final guidelines administer to the new human resources for Department Homeland Security is evidence to that commitment The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defends all employees working inside a corporation against discrimination regarding age, disability, sex, national origin, color or race. The human resources organization has to stay in agreement by making sure that all supervisors are extremely capable to properly relate with employees in the process of hiring, training, advancing, and dismissing. This law is enforced by a federal agency, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). This law is laid out into three segments that consist of e sexual harassment, affirmative action, and equal opportunity. These three different segments have a huge influence on the human resources division, and the employment process and this department must follow the law. These equal opportunity regulations will guarantee an employee is given an equal opportunity while submitting an application or resume for a position at an organization regardless of race, age, or gender. When looking at affirmative action this process allows an organization to hire individuals which fit in to a certain group of individuals. The sexual harassment process is put into the work environment to guarantee employees both women and men are secured under both federal and state law, sexual harassment can be verbal, physical or both, this type of harassment cannot only affect an employee’s work environment, but more importantly that person emotional well-being. Sexual harassment can make an employee feel uncomfortable coming to work, prevents them from focusing on their tasks work, and they can take that emotional stress home with them. The Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 law makes it unlawful to discriminate against any individual basis on race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. It also makes it unlawful to react hostile to an individual because the individual protested about discrimination, filed a charge of discrimination, or participated in a discrimination lawsuit (U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2011). This law also states that supervisors reasonably provide candidates and employees time to hold religious customs, except if doing so would inflict an unnecessary stress on the owners organization. This also goes for the federal government and employment services, and labor establishments, also need to acknowledge the law. The majority of discrimination lawsuits claim a violation of this law. In regards to the statement that, â€Å"Common sense and compassion in the workplace has been replaced by litigation. † I look up the definition and it stated that Common sense is sound practical judgment derived from experience rather than study. And compassion is sympathy for the suffering of others, often including a desire to help (Encarta 1999). Guidelines and procedures are put in place to defend employees and employers. Nevertheless, not all procedures and guideline are for every employee or employer. Every situation is different and has to be approach differently; no two people are the same. A human resources manager has to be able to look at these different situations and make a choice that’s good for the organization employees. Making the right decisions protect the organization from lawsuits. The distress of upsetting employees or possible ligation has caused human resources departments to outline guidelines and procedures.

Macbeth :: essays research papers

Macbeth Throughout the play, there are several occasions which may either be interpreted as manipulation of Macbeth’s character, or more dramatically as prophecies of his inevitable destiny. The most important of these elements are the supernatural witches. When Macbeth first meets the Witches (I.iii.) – seemingly by accident – they call him titles which have not yet been bestowed upon him. It is unclear whether the Witches plant the idea of earning these titles by foul play to Macbeth’s head, or whether it is a prophecy of future. Either way, their words eventually become reality. The further encounters with the Weyward Sisters and Hecate strengthens the idea of a preset destiny. The three apparitions summoned by the witches (IV.i.) and the prophecies that go together with them are all visions of the future. Unfortunaly for Macbeth he manages to read these manifestations of his destiny all wrong. Another important ’fatal’ element for Macbeth is Lady Macbeth. She is also heavily manipulating Macbeth (II.ii.), although she does not have the supernatural qualities of the Witches. She is clearly a woman driven by an infinite lust for power. However, the only way for her to fulfill her personal agenda is through her husband, Macbeth. Lady Macbeth’s character can be easily interpreted as a manifestation of the darker side of the human mind, an instrument between Macbeth and the realization of his inevitable destiny. When Macbeth has become King and felt power, he doesn't want to give it up. At first he wasn't at peace because he wanted the throne, but hesitated to carry out the murder. Now that he has the throne, he loses his peace with the prospect of losing the crown. His only choice now is to kill Banquo and Fleance. He is trying to work against prophecy – the third apparition – something he never learns not to do. While Macbeth carries out his dark deeds, he becomes a somewhat different person; he no longer possesses control over his destiny. His head becomes filled with images of murder, ghosts and other signs of a disturbed mind. The vision of the dagger (II.i.) is the earliest example of the duality and unstability of his character. Macbeth’s mind is contemplating the murder of Duncan, but he clearly hasn’t come to terms with it. After he has carried out the murder, Macbeth is able to keep a mask of innocence. When he has the doubtful Banquo murdered, and his ghost appears to haunt him

North South Relations Theory

Edward Chien April 5, 2013 North-South Relation Research question: What is the cause and effect of North-South divide? And why is the South experiencing such slow economic growths? What are some solutions to resolving the North-South relation problem? North South relation theory is defined as a socio-economic and political divide between two hemispheres. The North consists of North American, Western Europe, Australia, Japan, and East Asian countries; whereas the south is made up of Africa, Latin America, and South East Asia.The North is considered to be much more economically developed and modernized compared to the South, where there is widespread poverty and slow economic growth. In this paper I will examine the causes and effects of North-South divide. There are many causes to the North-South divide, but I think it is strongly related to colonialism. I am talking about modern colonialism, whereby rich nations are now scrambling to get the best bargains from the poor countries. Ric h countries have relaxed their immigration policies to attract wealth and human capital from poorer countries.This is considered as robbing talents and it is a new form of colonialism that seems to be legitimate. If we look back in history, colonialism is done through coercion and threats, which is outlawed in today’s world. During the colonial era, British trading companies drained wealth from its colonies in Africa by extraction of natural resources and refused to develop social infrastructures. In today’s world, we have a new form of colonialism, which is equally devastating, but is much more subtle and less violent.We see a large number of young and skilled professionals of underdeveloped countries moving to rich countries because they are attracted by new possibilities in more developed countries. â€Å"People are eager to migrate to countries in the South in attempts to better their life standards and get their share in the perceived prosperity of the North†¦South and Central Americans want to live and work in North America. Africans and Southwest Asians want to live and work in Europe. Southeast Asians want to live and work in North America and Europe† (Rafael, 2007, 556).Migration of skilled workers from the South is a serious concern for undeveloped countries. When skilled workers leave the South, they bring with them knowledge, capital, and economic productivity with them to the North. This facilitates an uneven distribution of technological innovation. For instance, if an structural engineer from the South leaves his country, the country loses human capital and essentially both economic productivity of this individual as well as income tax revenue.Now, when skilled labors are migrating in a large proportion, then it the effects are even more detrimental. â€Å"Though the proponents of globalization argue that it ushers in an unprecedented flow and circulation of people which has never been witnessed before in history, the critics of globalization have shown us that the scale and complexity of human movement that is currently occurring has solely benefited the rich nations† (Timsina, 2011). The loss of skilled labor due to migration is a main cause to why undeveloped countries are not experiencing economic growth.In order to solve the problem of migration and help undeveloped countries generate higher economic growth, I would propose that rich countries adjust their immigration policies. Policies should not be geared toward excessive importation of highly skilled and production young people because these people are the future of their country and without them, there will be little economic growth. But simply changing immigration policies of rich countries are not enough; I think there should also be strong monetary incentives on part of undeveloped countries to retain their skilled workers.For instance, I think doctors, nurses, engineers, and technicians from poor countries should be given an in come equal to income given in rich countries; the government should be able to subsidize their annual salary if necessary. Another important cause of North-South divide is that there is capital constraints and governmental corruption in less developed countries. When government officials corrupt and steal from tax revenue, money is directed into individual pockets rather than building public infrastructures.Corrupted money are usually deposited aboard; for example in China, a report unveils that â€Å"the number of government and Party officials who fled the country since the mid 1990s was between 16,000 and 18,000 and the embezzled capital nearly 800 billion Yuan, which is $123 billion dollars† (Chen, 2011). The report also says that corrupted officials are mostly public security officers, high executives of state-owned companies, and member of the judiciary; these government officials lack the confident in the current system in China and believed that their assets and futur e is safer abroad, usually in developed countries.Thus, I would suggest countries in the South that are less developed to strengthen property rights for its citizens. If government officials do not even trust the country in which they serve, they will not serve their country wholeheartedly. There are many problems when capital flight and government corruption takes place. For example, when money goes into individual pockets, society will be left with little improvement in basic public and social infrastructures; the majority of the people will continue to have low living standards, and the country will not be modernized as quickly.This is prevalent in African countries where authoritarian regimes dictate politics. Plus, in developing countries where population growth is very high, the amount of capital per person available for people declines as population grows. There is no much capital to start with and if net capital accumulation is declining due to corruption, poor countries wil l only get poorer in the long run. Bribery is one of the main tools of corruption, often used by private parties to â€Å"buy† things that are provided by the government.For instance, private actors can bribe and influence the government’s choice of firms to supply goods and services through contracts. If business people and government officials are working together to make money, then there is usually monopoly in the market. The government can create barriers of entry and prevent competition from entering to take market share away from their business partners or client. This will usually result in high product prices and little foreign direct investment due to unfair practice in the market.These practices by the government put their country in a vicious developmental cycle that entails slow economic growth in the long run. I think foreign intervention into domestic politics of another country is a violation of sovereignty rights and so it is very hard to solve the pro blem of government corruption from the outside. If a developing country wants to transform itself and become a part of the North, then it’s government must be willing to resist the temptation of corruption, or at least control their level of corruption sustainably.I think we will have to look at some success stories before we formulate a solution. Government intervention is a very important part of developing countries; historically, successful transformation and rapid economic growth are only achieved through state-led programs and government intervention. If we look at the early stages of economic development in South Korea and Taiwan, we will see that there is widespread state involvement and state guidance. Both South Korea and Taiwan were ruled by a military regime from the 1960s to the 1970s that focused heavily on heavy industrialization.Park Chung Hee utilized his experience with Japan’s wartime economic management in Northeast China and applied the model in So uth Korea. He created the economic planning board, ministry of trade and industry, ministry of finance, and moved away from import substitution to an export oriented trade policy. In Taiwan, Chiang Kai-Shek was the military leader and he introduced a similar economic development model, he nationalized the banking system in Taiwan and employed a very conservative approach toward liberalism. During his reign, about 71. % of the assets of all financial institutions were concentrated in the hands of government-owned banks. This approach was highly beneficial to the financial sector in Taiwan because it reduced volatility in the stock market and limited speculative investment from foreign investors; this approach also helped Taiwan avoid the effects of the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. Both Taiwan and South Korea are small economies compared to other Western countries, but they were very successful in their state-led economic development.I think the biggest take away that we can learn from the economic model of South Korea and Taiwan is establishing effective government intervention in the economy. An efficient government in a developing country should prioritize equity and economic growth before anything else. I would suggest governments in developing countries to invest heavily in human capital, such as health, education and nutrition. Public and social infrastructures are also extremely important and they include roads, power distribution, water and sanitation.Last and the most important type of capital is public institutional capital, which includes a well-run bureaucracy, judicial system, and law enforcement capabilities. Having a strong government intervention is essential component that will help the South transform itself into a North economy. And it is historically proven to be possible when we look the economic miracle in South Korea and Taiwan. Another reason that some South economies are not moving toward a more advanced economy is because it is disad vantaged geographically. We called these countries landlocked developing countries (LLDC).A report estimates that â€Å"Landlocked countries that rely on transoceanic trade usually suffer a cost of trade that is double of their maritime neighbors, and they on average suffer a economic growth of 6% or less compare to their non-landlocked countries† (Hagen, 2003, 13). Theses countries are mainly located in Sub-Saharan Africa. And since these developing countries are primarily focused on exporting natural resources, they incur high transportation costs due to distance and terrain barriers to the ocean; this cause them to lose competitive edge for exports from non-landlocked countries.Furthermore, they also lack direct access to sea routes and are largely isolated from the world market. However, I think there is ways to solve this problem but it requires cooperation with non-landlocked neighboring countries. If we look at Europe, we see that landlocked countries can also become p rosperous economically when there is a well-developed public infrastructure system like roads and communication. If Sub-Saharan African countries want to compensate for its geographical disability, then they should strike negotiation with non-landlocked countries and improve cooperation in developing public infrastructures.Furthermore, they should also try to â€Å"reduce administrative burdens associated border crossings such as bureaucratic procedures, paperwork, custom charges, and traffic delay† (Faye, 2004, 47). This will allow easier access between both countries and increase the volume of trade that is mutually beneficial. Again, this goes back to the importance of government intervention into the market because trade negotiations can not be with good diplomacy; it does not matter if your economy is good, as long as you are landlocked and have no access to a seaport for exportation, then trade volumes will remain low.South economies are also undeveloped due to demograp hic reasons. Many least developed countries have extraordinary high population growth rates, which is caused by little to education and employment that leads to higher fertility rates. When people are not educated, â€Å"families in societies where children are needed to work on subsistence farms tend to have more children, especially in places where infant and child mortality is high† (worldsavvy. org, 2008). When there is high population growth, poverty typically grows as well.In fact, majority of the less developed countries have a large young population due to low life expectancy rates, and these young people have little employment opportunities. A report says, â€Å"Developing countries tend to have a disproportionate number of citizens under the age of 30, which creates a large pool potentially restless and unemployed youth who live in a society without sufficient employment opportunities and often with many groups, militias, and militaries to which young boys in parti cular are often drawn.It is calculated that when the youth population of a country reaches 35%, the risk of armed conflict goes up by 150%† (worldsavvy. org, 2008). A large young population is beneficial to the country only if they are educated and working to generate economic growth; if they are not doing this, then they are most likely wasting resources and perhaps even contribute to high crime rates. Thus I would suggest that there should be government intervention in areas related to healthcare and education when it comes to demographic pressures.The government should plan and develop the country as a whole and not merely focus on modernizing certain cities while leaving rural areas undeveloped. More employment opportunities should be provided through public programs such as construction of social infrastructures. I have explained several main causes of why there is a North-South divide in the world. The South is failing to transform itself due to reasons such as capital f light, migration of skilled workers, government corruption, inefficient government policies, geographic disadvantages, and demographic challenges.I also offered solutions to deal with each problem specifically; I believe that if less developed countries can implement these solutions, then there is a chance for a South economy to transform itself to a North economy just like South Korea and Taiwan. Bibliography Mimiko, Oluwafemi (2012). Globalization: The Politics of Global Economic Relations and International Business. Durham, N. C. : Carolina Academic. pp. 48–54. Mimiko, N. Oluwafemi. Globalization: The Politics of Global Economic Relations and International Business.North Carolina: Carolina Academic Press, 2012. 47-54. Print. Kacowicz, Arie M. â€Å"Globalization, Poverty, and the North–South Divide. † International Studies Review 9. 4 (2007): 565-580. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 Oct. 2009. Therien, J. P. Beyond the north-south divide: the two tal es of world poverty. Third World Quarterly. pp. 723–742. Preece, Julia. â€Å"Lifelong learning and development: a perspective from the ‘South’† Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education 39. 5 (2009). 23 Oct. 2009. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/North–South_divide

Letters to Friend Essay

My host family were consisting of the old lady that’s name Peggy and she were hosting two students before we arrived there. She’s very kind women, Towards the middle of my spring vacation, We were looking for american high school for next semester. But poor us, most of the schools got fully enrolled for next semester. So we tried to contact the rest of the schools that we knew from our friends, relatives or family. And finally we found out that one of the school that’s called â€Å"The newman high school† still opening for enroll next semester. Lucky us that Peggy used to be the principle of the language school before, so she suggested us a lots of stuffs to prepare. We have been going to the News burry street, Havard university as long as I remembered. We know the best places for sight seeing. Where all the best rides , which park is the best. On day though while we were planning our next trip we decided that which days will we going back to EF. And we decided to stay in Boston for four more days in the hotel. It was a wonderful experience that we went there, walking around the city with my friends having just a map in my rucksack. Even though my summer was loaded with activity, it still seemed like a long break. After spending so much time in Boston, chilling around, and attending a guitar competetion , I felt like I needed more vacation! It was a wonderful experience and I learned a lot . This trip gave me an unforgettable impression of Massachussets What about you ? Where did you go on your spring vacation ? Please write soon Yours, Jay

Difference Between Relative and Absolute Location

Difference Between Relative and Absolute Location Both relative location and absolute location are geographic terms used to describe the location of a place on the Earths surface. They are each unique in their ability to pinpoint a location on Earth. Relative Location Relative location refers to locating a place relative to other landmarks.  For example, you could give the relative location of St. Louis, Missouri as being in eastern Missouri, along the Mississippi River southwest of Springfield, Illinois.    As one drives along most major highways, there are mileage signs indicating the distance to the next town or city.   This information expresses your current location relative to the upcoming place. So, if a highway sign states that St. Louis is 96 miles away from Springfield, you know your relative location from St. Louis.    Relative location is also a term that is used to indicate a places location within a larger context.   For example, one could state that Missouri is located in the Midwest of the United States and is bordered by Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa. That is the relative location of Missouri based on its location within the United States.    Alternatively, you could state that Missouri is south of Iowa and north of Arkansas. This is yet another example of relative location. Absolute Location On the other hand, absolute location references a place on the Earths surface based on specific geographic coordinates, such as latitude and longitude. Based on the previous example of St. Louis,  the absolute location of St. Louis is 38 °43 North 90 °14 West. One can also give an address as an absolute location. For example, the absolute location of St. Louis City Hall is  1200 Market Street, St. Louis, Missouri 63103. By providing the full address you can pinpoint the location of St. Louis City Hall on a map.   While you can give the geographic coordinates of a city or a building, it is difficult to provide the absolute location of an area such as a state or country because such places cant be pinpointed. With some difficulty, you could provide the absolute locations of the boundaries of the state or country but most of the time its easier to just display a map or describe the relative location of a place like a state or country.

USS Ranger CV-4 World War II Aircraft Carrier

USS Ranger CV-4 World War II Aircraft Carrier USS Ranger (CV-4) Overview Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock CompanyLaid Down: September 26, 1931Launched: February 25, 1933Commissioned: June 4, 1934Fate: Scrapped Specifications Displacement: 14,576 tonsLength: 730 ft.Beam: 109 ft., 5 in.Draft: 22 ft., 4.875 in.Propulsion: 6 Ãâ€" boilers, 2 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 2 Ãâ€" shaftsSpeed: 29.3 knotsRange: 12,000 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,461 men Armament 8 Ãâ€" 5 in./25 cal anti-aircraft guns40 Ãâ€" .50 in. machine guns Aircraft 76-86 aircraft Design Development In the 1920s, the US Navy commenced the construction of its first three aircraft carriers. These efforts, which produced USS Langley (CV-1), USS Lexington (CV-2), and USS Saratoga (CV-3), all involved the conversion of existing hulls into carriers. As work on these ships progressed, the US Navy began designing its first purpose-built carrier. These efforts were constrained by the limits imposed by the Washington Naval Treaty which capped both the size of individual ships and the total tonnage. With the completion of Lexington and Saratoga, the US Navy had 69,000 tons remaining which could be assigned to aircraft carriers.   As such, the US Navy intended for the new design to displace 13,800 tons per ship so that five carriers could be constructed. Despite these intentions, only one ship of the new class would actually be built.    Dubbed USS Ranger (CV-4), the new carriers name hearkened back to the sloop of war commanded by Commodore John Paul Jones during the American Revolution. Laid down at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company on September 26, 1931, the carriers initial design called for an unobstructed flight deck with no island and six funnels, three to side, that were hinged to fold horizontally during air operations. Aircraft were housed below on a semi-open hangar deck and brought to the flight deck via three elevators. Though smaller than Lexington and Saratoga, Rangers purpose-built design led to an aircraft capacity that was only marginally less than its predecessors. The carriers reduced size did present certain challenges as its narrow hull required the use of geared turbines for propulsion.   As work on Ranger progressed, alterations to the design occurred including the addition of an island superstructure on the starboard side of the flight deck. The ships defensive armament consisted of eight 5-inch guns and forty .50-inch machine guns. Sliding down the ways on February 25, 1933, Ranger was sponsored by First Lady Lou H. Hoover. Over the next year, work continued and the carrier was completed. Commissioned on June 4, 1934 at the Norfolk Navy Yard with Captain Arthur L. Bristol in command, Ranger commenced shakedown exercises off the Virginia Capes before beginning air operations on June 21. The first landing on the new carrier was conducted by Lieutenant Commander A.C. Davis flying a Vought SBU-1. Further training for Rangers air group was conducted in August. Interwar Years Later in August, Ranger departed on an extended shakedown cruise to South America which included port calls at Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo. Returning to Norfolk, VA, the carrier conducted operations locally before receiving orders for the Pacific in April 1935. Passing through the Panama Canal, Ranger arrived at San Diego, CA on the 15th. Remaining in the Pacific for the next four years, the carrier took part in fleet maneuvers and war games as far west as Hawaii and as far south as Callao, Peru while also experimenting with cold weather operations off Alaska. In January 1939, Ranger departed California and sailed for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba to participate in winter fleet maneuvers. With the completion of these exercises, it steamed to Norfolk where it arrived in late April. Operating along the East Coast through the summer of 1939, Ranger was assigned to the Neutrality Patrol that fall following the outbreak of World War II in Europe. The initial responsibility of this force was to track warlike operations of combatant forces in the Western Hemisphere. Patrolling between Bermuda and Argentia, Newfoundland, Rangers seakeeping ability was found lacking as it proved difficult to conduct operations in heavy weather. This issue had been identified earlier and helped contribute to the design of the later Yorktown-class carriers. Continuing with the Neutrality Patrol through 1940, the carriers air group was one of the first to receive the new Grumman F4F Wildcat fighter that December. In In late 1941, Ranger was returning to Norfolk from a patrol to Port-of-Spain, Trinidad when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7. World War II Begins Departing Norfolk two weeks later, Ranger conducted a patrol of the South Atlantic before entering drydock in March 1942. Undergoing repairs, the carrier also received the new RCA CXAM-1 radar. Deemed too slow to keep up with newer carriers, such as USS Yorktown (CV-5) and USS Enterprise (CV-6), in Pacific, Ranger remained in the Atlantic to support operations against Germany. With the completion of repairs, Ranger sailed on April 22 to deliver a force of sixty-eight P-40 Warhawks to Accra, Gold Coast. Returning to Quonset Point, RI in late May, the carrier conducted a patrol to Argentia before delivering a second cargo of P-40s to Accra in July. Both shipments of P-40s were destined for China where they were to serve with the American Volunteer Group (Flying Tigers). With the completion of this mission, Ranger operated off Norfolk before joining four new Sangamon-class escort carriers (Sangamon, Suwannee, Chenango, and Santee) at Bermuda. Operation Torch Leading this carrier force, Ranger provided air superiority for the Operation Torch landings in Vichy-ruled French Morocco in November 1942. Early on November 8, Ranger began launching aircraft from a position approximately 30 miles northwest of Casablanca. While F4F Wildcats strafed Vichy airfields, SBD Dauntless dive bombers struck at Vichy naval vessels. In three days of operations, Ranger launched 496 sorties which resulted in the destruction of around 85 enemy aircraft (15 in the air, approx. 70 on the ground), the sinking of the battleship Jean Bart, severe damage to the destroyer leader Albatros, and attacks on the cruiser Primaugut. With the fall of Casablanca to American forces on November 11, the carrier departed for Norfolk the next day. Arriving, Ranger underwent an overhaul from December 16, 1942 to February 7, 1943. With the Home Fleet Departing the yard, Ranger carried a load of P-40s to Africa for use by the 58th Fighter Group before spending much of the summer of 1943 conducting pilot training off the New England coast. Crossing the Atlantic in late August, the carrier joined the British Home Fleet at Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands. Putting out on October 2 as part of Operation Leader, Ranger and a combined Anglo-American force moved towards Norway with the goal of attacking German shipping around Vestfjorden. Avoiding detection, Ranger began launching aircraft on October 4. Striking a short time later, the aircraft sank two merchant vessels in Bodo roadstead and damaged several more. Though located by three German aircraft, the carriers combat air patrol downed two and chased off the third. A second strike succeeded in sinking a freighter and a smaller coastal vessel. Returning to Scapa Flow, Ranger commenced patrols to Iceland with the British Second Battle Squadron. These continued until late November when the carrier detached and sailed for Boston, MA. Later Career Too slow to operate with the fast carrier forces in the Pacific, Ranger was designated as a training carrier and ordered to operate out of Quonset Point on January 3, 1944. These duties were interrupted in April when it transported a cargo of P-38 Lightning to Casablanca. While in Morocco, it embarked several damaged aircraft as well as numerous passengers for transport to New York. After arriving in New York, Ranger steamed to Norfolk for an overhaul. Though Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Ernest King favored a massive overhaul to bring the carrier on par with its contemporaries, he was discouraged in following through by his staff who pointed out that the project would draw resources away from new construction. As a result, the project was limited to strengthening the flight deck, installation of new catapults, and improving the ships radar systems. With the completion of the overhaul, Ranger sailed for San Diego where it embarked Night Fighting Squadron 102 before pressing on to Pearl Harbor. From August to October, it conducted night carrier flight training operations in Hawaiian waters before returning to California to serve as a training carrier. Operating from San Diego, Ranger spent the remainder of the war training naval aviators off the California coast. With the end of the war in September, it transited the Panama Canal and made stops at New Orleans, LA, Pensacola, FL, and Norfolk before reaching the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard on November 19. After a brief overhaul, Ranger resumed operations on the East Coast until being decommissioned on October 18, 1946. The carrier was sold for scrap the following January. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Ranger (CV-4)Air Group 4: USS RangerMilitary Factory: USS Ranger (CV-4)

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Management Accounting - Essay Example This report covers considerations for management accounting system like the suitable costing technique, pricing method and budget preparation. It also points out certain behavioural, organisational and management factors that need to be considered for design, implementation and functioning of a management accounting system for the company. Process costing is one of the best management accounting technique for Watson Circuits plc because this company manufactures products in a multi-stage process. Process costing is ideal for manufacturing concerns where there is a continuous production characterised by transfer of material from one process to another. This costing system is beneficial for Watson Circuits plc also because the company produces in batches and the cost structure of the production remains the same for years. Under process costing, cost is not assigned to individual units of production, rather it is calculated on the average basis i.e. all production costs are spread over the units produced. This costing technique requires establishment of process control accounts for each process allocation of direct and indirect costs to each process. Once a process of production ends, its costs are transferred to the next process and so forth. The calculation of cost, under this method, is thus cumulative i.e. the costs of previous process are added to the cost of current process. The cost accumulation process continues until the production ends. Watson Circuits plc needs such a costing technique because it will provide management accounting information in terms of different processes through which the production runs. This is the best suitable method calculating costs on the basis of processes and batches. Management’s need for unit production costs can be met as this costing technique provide s for calculation of unit costs as well as costs that are incurred in each process. It is very important for the